Family: Pilotrichaceae

Diagnosis: Plants medium-sized to robust, sometimes small, in pale-green to golden or reddish mats or tufts. Stems mostly creeping, sometimes erect, scarcely branched to regularly bipinnate, often complanate foliate. Lateral and dorsal/ventral leaves often differentiated in shape, areolation and costal development, sometimes isophyllous, sometimes contorted when dry, lanceolate to broadly ovate; margins not or sometimes bordered by narrow elongate cells, mostly serrulate to serrate, rarely enite, plane or less often erector narrowly recurved; costa mostly strong and double, sometimes short and double, rarely absent; cells isodiametric to linear, smooth, prorulose or papillose, thin- to thick-walled; alar cells not differentiated. Setae usually elongate, sometimes short, smooth or roughened; capsules usually inclined, if erect then setae short and/or peristome reduced; annulus differentiated or not; operculum conic-rostrate; peristome double. Calyptra mitrate, not or rarely fringed (Crossomitrium), often hairy, the hairs usually erect, often ± roughened. Spores spherical, mostly finely papillose.